A B S T R A C TThe purpose of this study is to measure the level of sustainability of residential complexes in Gorgan and to identify the impact of SOCIAL CAPITAL and its dimensions on the concept of housing sustainability. The research method is descriptive and survey type. The statistical population of the research includes all the residential complexes of Gorgan city, of which 268 cases were determined using Cochran's formula as a statistical sample and were selected and studied using the two-stage cluster sampling method.. A researcher-made questionnaire with an answer package was used to collect data. Its validity was confirmed using the formal method and its reliability using Cronbach's alpha coefficient for the concept of SOCIAL CAPITAL (α = 0.879) and housing sustainability (α = 0.810), respectively. The findings showed that there is a significant positive relationship between SOCIAL CAPITAL and its dimensions with the dependent variable, i.e. housing sustainability variable and its four dimensions. The results showed that the integrated model in the present study was able to explain the relationship between SOCIAL CAPITAL and the concept of housing sustainability to an acceptable extent. Therefore, this model can be useful for other urban areas of the countryExtended AbstractIntroductionThe home is the source and destination of all human life; and man leaves it for work and SOCIAL activity, and after doing it and gaining experience, he returns home. Therefore, the category of housing is a broad and complex category that has various dimensions. This concept, in addition to the place in the physical concept, includes all the services and facilities needed by an individual or family that need it to live. To this end, housing planning requires in-depth studies in various SOCIAL, cultural and historical fields. Today, the mere attention to the economy, many human, SOCIAL, indigenous and cultural values have been lost in the course of these unprincipled constructions that have grown and are growing at an unprecedented rate. Hence, housing architecture does not simply mean designing or constructing space for human life; For this reason, in housing architecture, especially SOCIAL housing, apart from the design of human habitation, other dimensions of human life and habitation must also be considered. Based on what has been mentioned, in our country, today most of the economic dimension and consequently a small increase in the construction and architecture of residential complexes and other dimensions of sustainable development, including SOCIAL, cultural, physical and The environment is neglected. Lack of adequate housing, as housing that has the least incompatibility with the natural environment around it and in a wider area with the region and the world; it creates problems for the city and its residents. Meanwhile, residential complexes in Gorgan are no exception to this rule. Complexes that are designed with only the economic dimension in mind, the result of which is the construction of housing in different parts of the city, which has the least coordination and compatibility with other aspects of sustainable development. Given the above, the importance of the present study, attention to the principles of sustainable development and the need to create and expand SOCIAL CAPITAL for human societies, in the space that was drawn is very important. MethodologyAccording to the purpose of the research and the level of data analysis, the survey method has been used to collect data. For this purpose, a researcher-made questionnaire was used to obtain information. The statistical population of the study includes all residential complexes in Gorgan. The sample size is 268 based on Cochran's logical formula. Two-stage cluster random sampling method is used. So that the statistical population is divided into clusters and homogeneous groups and then the quota of groups or clusters is determined in proportion to the frequency distribution of each cluster. In the next step, residential complexes are selected as a statistical sample from each cluster. To verify the validity of the tool, the formal validation method (referring to professors and specialists) has been used. Cronbach's alpha method was also used to determine the reliability of the instrument. Results and discussionAccording to the results of t-test, it can be said that the SOCIAL CAPITAL index is not desirable. The average of SOCIAL CAPITAL index is lower than the hypothetical average. This means that the amount of SOCIAL CAPITAL of the residents of residential complexes in Gorgan is not at the desired level. This is if the level of stability of residential complexes in Gorgan is at a desirable level. Also, there is a significant relationship between housing sustainability and SOCIAL CAPITAL. And the order of the effect of SOCIAL CAPITAL variable on the dimensions of economic, SOCIAL, physical and environmental sustainability. Based on the results of the probability ratio of the Chi-square value model is less than 0.01, it can be said that the regression model is a good model in which independent variables are well able to explain the changes of the dependent variable. The results of hierarchical regression analysis showed that the estimated value of the SOCIAL interaction variable is equal to 1.184, which shows that assuming the effect of all model variables remains constant, an increase in the independent SOCIAL interaction variable increases by 1.184 units. In logarithmic ratios, the dependent variable (housing stability) will be associated. Prioritization of the effectiveness of the studied factors indicates that the factor of formal participation has the first place in determining the sustainability of housing. After this factor, the mental class factor is in the second place, then the residential home ownership factor is in the third place. ConclusionOne of the issues that has attracted everyone's attention in recent decades is housing and its sustainable development, which is in line with human development. An important point that has been addressed in the documents of the Second Human Settlement Summit is the importance of the role of sustainable housing and the provision of adequate housing for the people in the development process. Various factors such as architectural style, climate, geography and customs are influential in housing design in different places. In the meantime, the role of SOCIAL factors or in other words SOCIAL CAPITAL cannot be ignored; Because SOCIAL CAPITAL is rooted in the structure and SOCIAL norms of society and is generally a combination of trust, communication network, SOCIAL norms and SOCIAL relations at the individual and community level. Accordingly, the main purpose of this study is to measure the SOCIAL CAPITAL of residents and the sustainability of residential complexes in Gorgan. Based on the results, the four dimensions of the dependent variable are affected by the SOCIAL CAPITAL variable. This means that the existence of concepts such as trust, interaction, participation, etc. in residential complexes, can provide the stability of the residential complex. As long as the residents of a complex have an effective and reciprocal relationship with each other, the stability of the residential complex is provided; Residents to protect the complex facilities, provide security, visual beauty, hygiene and cleanliness, rehabilitate or create space Green and ... will interact and participate with each other.FundingThere is no funding support. Authors’ ContributionAuthors contributed equally to the conceptualization and writing of the article. All of the authors approved the content of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work declaration of competing interest none. Conflict of InterestAuthors declared no conflict of interest. Acknowledgments We are grateful to all the scientific consultants of this paper.

SOCIAL CAPITAL has been used as the “lost ring” to explain the reason of development of some communities and the reason for why the others are not blossomed. In Persian language, the word “SOCIAL” originates from the words “friend” and “comrade” and it has, principally, originated from friendship. This indicates that the available resources worldwide, are not accounted for as private assets, unless through the function of business and individual networks. On this account, SOCIAL CAPITAL has been studied both at the SOCIAL level and at the ORGANIZATIONAL one. ORGANIZATIONAL SOCIAL CAPITAL is one of the resources initiated from the inter-ORGANIZATIONAL SOCIAL relationships and is distinguished on the basis of the orientation of SOCIAL ends and mutual confidence amongst the organization members. It has two components: the possibility of participation and confidence. Gathering unofficial groups of employees to participate in their knowledge and skills is a method of producing SOCIAL ORGANIZATIONAL CAPITAL. Individuals with common experiences, professional tools and common challenges in such groups (i.e., professional groups) would be able to find each other and meet each other to solve their problems and communicate with the people who have mutual business interests.

Many organizations, regardless of the size and amount of business the importance of SOCIAL CAPITAL as a source of competitive and sustainable basis for innovation and excellence and versatility they have confessed. The subject of this article explains the model design and SOCIAL CAPITAL in order to achieve excellence is the Tehran municipality. For the next two independent variables, including internal and external trust, norms, religious values, networks and partnerships law is not for the dependent variable is considered later. This type of research has been applied and the geographic territory of 22 districts of Tehran municipality-level ORGANIZATIONAL experts, heads of departments, deputies and regional managers have been. Descriptive research method that is correlated to stratified random sampling with 342 samples have been conducted. Also, correlation analysis, regression analysis, structural equation modeling and Friedman test for data analysis has been used. The results of this study showed that the Tehran Municipality between SOCIAL CAPITAL and ORGANIZATIONAL excellence and significant positive relationship exists. Clearer words, increasing SOCIAL CAPITAL and promote excellence and eminent organization improved.

SOCIAL CAPITAL development is one of the most important challenges of the managers in the today organizations. Decrease of SOCIAL CAPITAL index as level is in Iran proves the necessity of research in this field. Emotional behaviors is an important aspect of interpersonal communication. This research tries to develop a framework for SOCIAL CAPITAL development based on the ORGANIZATIONAL emotional CAPITAL. This is a qualitative research and uses grounded theory method with emerging approach. Data collection in this research is done using a semi-structured interview. Interviewees where selected from managers in public sector and NGOs of Markazi and Qom provinces. Theoretical saturation after 16 interviews. Final framework of this research consists of two schemas, first one diagnosis SOCIAL CAPITAL and the second one emotional based development of SOCIAL CAPITAL. Under diagnosis schema there are three main categories causes of SOCIAL CAPITAL weakness symptoms of emotional CAPITAL weakness and consequences of SOCIAL CAPITAL weakness. And under the second schema there are four main categories reinforcing phenomenon, central phenomenon (emotional SOCIAL CAPITAL), strategies and outcomes.

The ethical actions are important because of the priority of the mission goal and their close relationship with SOCIAL progress and development. Therefore, the purpose of this research is the identification and SOCIAL analysis of these types of actions among the verses of revelation and it deals with the effect of ethical actions in the production of SOCIAL CAPITAL in the process of progress based on religious teachings and answers these questions based on the Quranic teachings. What impact do ethical actions (behavior) have on the formation of SOCIAL progress? How do moral actions generate SOCIAL CAPITAL and influence progress (development)? What coordinates, examples and dimensions does this group of actions have? What are the effects and consequences of this group of actions? Those actions that are desirable and progressive in the development of SOCIAL interactions have been SOCIALly studied, analyzed and searched by using the inductive content analysis method. Honesty, trustworthiness and fulfillment of an obligation, altruism (Arabic: إیثار, self-sacrifice), asking forgiveness or istighfār (Arabic: استغفار ʾistiġfār), and forgiving others, kindness, non-violence, chastity and purity, patience and honesty and benevolent actions combined with SOCIAL supervision have been discussed, which lead to sincerity, togetherness, coherence and expansion of SOCIAL interactions and emotional relationships far from hatred and warm and emotional relationships and as a result, it causes the production of SOCIAL CAPITAL and its improvement and will lead to the density of actions focused on purpose and excellence that are necessary for progress.